Are the harams made by rasulullah in the same category with harams made by Allah?
In Islamic theology, the harams (forbidden acts) established by Allah and those established by the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ have different foundations but are both significant in guiding the behavior of Muslims.
The Qur'an emphasizes that the prohibitions laid down by Allah are absolute and come with divine authority. For instance, in Surah Al-Maaida, Allah states: Forbidden unto you (for food) are carrion and blood and swineflesh, and that which hath been dedicated unto any other than Allah...
5:3. This verse lists specific items that are inherently haram based on divine decree.
On the other hand, the Prophet ﷺ was given the authority to legislate and clarify certain matters. His prohibitions are derived from Allah's guidance and are meant to ensure proper conduct among the Muslim community. For example, he prohibited alcohol and certain behaviors that could lead to societal harm. As stated in a narration, the Prophet ﷺ declared: Allah and His Messenger have forbidden the sale of wine, dead animals, pork, and idols
Sunan an-Nasa'i 41:35. This shows that while he is conveying Allah's commands, the Prophet's rulings also play a crucial role in the practical application of Islamic law.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir explains that the Messenger of Allah was guided and supported in his rulings, indicating that his prohibitions are in alignment with divine wisdom (Tafsir Ibn Kathir). Therefore, while both categories of haram are significant, the harams established by Allah are seen as absolute, whereas those made by the Prophet ﷺ serve to clarify and implement Allah's laws within the context of the community's needs.
In summary, while both are important and must be followed, the harams established by Allah hold a primary status, and the Prophet's prohibitions are derived from and reinforce these divine commands.
Sources
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5:3 · Al-Maaida
5:3 · Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall
حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْمَيْتَةُ وَٱلدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ ٱلْخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦ وَٱلْمُنْخَنِقَةُ وَٱلْمَوْقُوذَةُ وَٱلْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَٱلنَّطِيحَةُ وَمَآ أَكَلَ ٱلسَّبُعُ إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيْتُمْ وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى ٱلنُّصُبِ وَأَن تَسْتَقْسِمُوا۟ بِٱلْأَزْلَٰمِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ فِسْقٌ ۗ ٱلْيَوْمَ يَئِسَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِن دِينِكُمْ فَلَا تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَٱخْشَوْنِ ۚ ٱلْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِى وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ ٱلْإِسْلَٰمَ دِينًۭا ۚ فَمَنِ ٱضْطُرَّ فِى مَخْمَصَةٍ غَيْرَ مُتَجَانِفٍۢ لِّإِثْمٍۢ ۙ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۭ
Forbidden unto you (for food) are carrion and blood and swineflesh, and that which hath been dedicated unto any other than Allah, and the strangled, and the dead through beating, and the dead through falling from a height, and that which hath been killed by (the goring of) horns, and the devoured of wild beasts, saving that which ye make lawful (by the death-stroke), and that which hath been immolated unto idols. And (forbidden is it) that ye swear by the divining arrows. This is an abomination. This day are those who disbelieve in despair of (ever harming) your religion; so fear them not, fear Me! This day have I perfected your religion for you and completed My favour unto you, and have chosen for you as religion al-Islam. Whoso is forced by hunger, not by will, to sin: (for him) lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
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Sunan an-Nasa'i 41:35
Sunan an-Nasa'i · Book 41, Hadith 35 · Narrated by Jabir ibn Abd Allah
During the year of conquest, while in Mecca, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) declared: Allah and His Messenger have forbidden the sale of wine, dead animals, pork, and idols. Someone asked him, “What about the fat of dead animals, which is used to coat ships, to tan leather, and for perfume?” He said, “That too is forbidden.” Then he said, “May Allah curse the Jews. When Allah forbade them the fat, they melted it and sold it, then ate its price.”
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