How can we trust the authenticity of the Koran and of Muhammad?

The authenticity of the Qur'an and the prophethood of Muhammad ﷺ can be supported by both textual evidence and the acknowledgment of those who received earlier revelations.

The Qur'an itself claims that it is recognized by those who were given previous scriptures. In Surah Al-Baqara, it states: Those unto whom We gave the Scripture recognise (this revelation) as they recognise their sons. But lo! a party of them knowingly conceal the truth. 2:146. This verse highlights that many knowledgeable individuals among the People of the Book recognized Muhammad as the true messenger of Allah, similar to how they recognize their own children. This level of recognition suggests a profound understanding and acceptance of Muhammad’s prophethood among those who were previously informed about divine guidance.

Moreover, the Prophet Muhammad's character and integrity are often cited as further proof of his authenticity. He was known as "Al-Amin" (the Trustworthy) before receiving revelation, and this reputation continued throughout his life. Tafsir Ibn Kathir elaborates on his truthfulness, noting that he was universally acknowledged for his honesty and moral uprightness. Historical accounts, such as those involving Heraclius, the Byzantine emperor, reinforce this view; Heraclius questioned Abu Sufyan about the Prophet's character and concluded that he would not tolerate falsehood in someone who claimed to convey Allah's message.

Furthermore, the Qur'an presents itself as a miraculous text, unmatched in its eloquence and depth, which serves as a testament to its divine origin. As stated in Surah Al-An'aam, Say: Allah is Witness between me and you. And this Qur'an hath been inspired in me, that I may warn therewith you and whomsoever it may reach. 6:19. This assertion emphasizes that the Qur'an is not merely a human creation but a divinely inspired message meant for all humanity.

In summary, the authenticity of the Qur'an and the prophethood of Muhammad ﷺ is supported by the recognition of earlier scripture recipients, the Prophet’s established reputation, and the unique nature of the Qur'an itself as a miraculous revelation.