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How many times should a woman suckle her adopted child to become mahram?

In Islamic jurisprudence, the number of times a woman should suckle her adopted child to establish a mahram relationship is specified in the hadith literature. The Qur'an states: Mothers shall suckle their children for two whole years; (that is) for those who wish to complete the suckling. 2:233 This verse emphasizes the importance of suckling during the early years of a child's life.

Regarding the specific number of sucklings required, it is narrated that the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ clarified that the first or second suckling or the first or second drinking of the breast does not make unlawful (in marriage). Sahih Muslim 17:26SunniSAHIH Thus, a few initial sucklings do not create a prohibitive relationship.

However, there is a consensus based on other narrations that establishes five sucklings as the threshold for creating a mahram relationship. As Aisha reported, Aisha said that in the Qur'an, ten known sucklings were revealed, then they were abrogated and reduced to five known sucklings. When the Prophet (peace be upon him) passed away, the ruling remained at five. Sunan al-Tirmidhi 12:5SunniSahih (per Al-Albani) This hadith illustrates that while the original ruling allowed for ten sucklings, it was later reduced to five, which is the prevailing view among scholars, including those from the schools of thought like al-Shafi'i and Ahmad.

Therefore, the established ruling is that a woman should suckle her adopted child five times for the child to become her mahram.

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