Sunni viewpoint about "vasi" or "hojjat" in each era?

The concept of "vasi" (or "vasi" in Persian) generally refers to a designated successor or representative, often associated with the idea of guiding a community in its religious and spiritual affairs. In the Sunni tradition, the focus is typically on leadership through consensus, community agreement, and the concept of the caliphate, rather than a singular designated successor.

The Qur'an emphasizes the importance of leadership and guidance within the community. For example, Allah commands in Surah An-Nisaa: And unto each We have appointed heirs of that which parents and near kindred leave; and as for those with whom your right hands have made a covenant, give them their due. 4:33. This verse highlights the importance of fulfilling obligations to those with whom one has a covenant, which can relate to the responsibilities of leadership and governance.

In terms of historical context, Sunni scholars have historically recognized the caliphs, starting with Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali, as legitimate leaders of the Muslim community. Each caliph is viewed as having been chosen through the consensus of the community or through explicit appointment by the previous caliph, rather than through a divinely ordained lineage.

In later eras, the Sunni viewpoint maintains that the leadership of the Muslim community can be through scholars and leaders who are chosen based on their knowledge, piety, and ability to guide the community. The concept of "hojjat," which can be understood as a proof or argument, also relates to the idea that scholars and leaders present evidence and reasoning for their guidance.

Sunni scholars emphasize the importance of following the Sunnah (the practice of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ) and the consensus of the community (ijma) in matters of leadership and religious guidance. They believe that Allah has equipped the community with the means to identify capable leaders through scholarly work and communal decision-making.

Thus, while the Sunni perspective does not endorse a singular, divinely appointed "vasi" for each era, it does recognize the necessity of leadership and guidance within the community, rooted in the principles of consultation and adherence to Islamic teachings as exemplified by the caliphs and scholars throughout history.