What are the (Ten) commandments sent to the prophet Musa (pbuh)?
The commandments given to Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) include a series of important moral and ethical guidelines. In the Qur'an, it is mentioned that Allah provided Moses with clear signs and commandments. Specifically, Sunan al-Tirmidhi narrates an account where two Jews approached the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and asked about the commandments given to Musa. The Prophet ﷺ responded with a list of prohibitions and directives, stating: Do not associate anything with Allah, do not commit adultery, do not unlawfully kill the soul which Allah has forbidden except by right, do not steal, do not practice sorcery, do not lead the innocent to a ruler who kills him, do not consume usury, do not accuse a chaste woman falsely, and do not flee from the battlefield.
Sunan al-Tirmidhi 47:196
Additionally, it is noted that for the Jews specifically, there is the command: "do not transgress on the Sabbath." This response highlights the significance of adhering to these ethical guidelines and commandments established by Allah for the Children of Israel through Moses, emphasizing monotheism and moral conduct.
Sources
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Sunan al-Tirmidhi 47:196
Sunan al-Tirmidhi · Book 47, Hadith 196 · Narrated by Safwan ibn Assal
Two Jews said to each other, 'Let us go to this Prophet and ask him questions.' One said to the other, 'Do not say "Prophet" because if he hears it, he will say the Prophet has four eyes.' They came to the Prophet and asked about the verse, 'And We gave Moses nine clear signs.' The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 'Do not associate anything with Allah, do not commit adultery, do not unlawfully kill the soul which Allah has forbidden except by right, do not steal, do not practice sorcery, do not lead the innocent to a ruler who kills him, do not consume usury, do not accuse a chaste woman falsely, and do not flee from the battlefield.' Shu’bah said, 'And for you, O Jews specifically, do not transgress on the Sabbath.' They placed their hands and feet in his hands and said, 'We testify that you are a Prophet.' He asked why they did not convert to Islam. They replied, 'David prayed that a Prophet would always remain among his descendants, and we fear if we convert, the Jews will kill us.'
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