Who was Allah's hojjat on Earth when Mohammad (saww) went to maraaj?
According to the tradition, when the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) ascended to the heavens during the event of Isra and Mi'raj, the individual recognized as Allah's hujjat (proof) on Earth was Ali ibn Abi Talib. Al-Kafi records a narration where the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) stated: Indeed, the first guardian appointed on the earth was Hibbat Allah, son of Adam. No prophet passed away except that he had his guardian. All the prophets were one hundred twenty thousand, among them five were the resolute: Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad (peace be upon them). Indeed, Ali ibn Abi Talib was the Hibbat Allah for Muhammad and inherited the knowledge of the successors and the knowledge of those before him.
Al-Kafi 4:172 This indicates Ali's significant role as the appointed guardian during the time of the Prophet's ascension.
Sources
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Al-Kafi 4:172
Al-Kafi · Book 4, Hadith 172
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: Indeed, the first guardian appointed on the earth was Hibbat Allah, son of Adam. No prophet passed away except that he had his guardian. All the prophets were one hundred twenty thousand, among them five were the resolute: Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad (peace be upon them). Indeed, Ali ibn Abi Talib was the Hibbat Allah for Muhammad and inherited the knowledge of the successors and the knowledge of those before him. Muhammad inherited the knowledge of those prophets and messengers before him. On the foundation of the Throne is written: Hamza, the Lion of Allah and Lion of His Messenger and master of the martyrs. At the pinnacle of the Throne is Ali, Commander of the Faithful. This is our proof against anyone who denies our right and rejects our inheritance. Nothing prevents us from speaking—certainty is before us. So what evidence can be more eloquent than this? — OR — Among the severe tests that break the back is a bad neighbor: if he sees a good deed, he conceals it; but if he sees a bad deed, he exposes it. — OR — He raised it and said: On the Day of Resurrection, three individuals will be on elevated pulpits of musk; one of them is a mu'adhdhin who gave the Adhan sincerely. — OR — Regarding the lower lip, six thousand dirhams; and regarding the upper lip, four thousand dirhams, because the lower lip retains water.
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