Why did God send prophets only to Arabia?

God did not send prophets exclusively to Arabia; rather, He sent messengers to various nations throughout history. The Qur'an mentions, How many a prophet did We send among the men of old! 43:6. This indicates that prophets were sent to different communities to guide them according to their needs and circumstances.

In Surah Al-Baqara, it is stated that Mankind were one community, and Allah sent (unto them) prophets as bearers of good tidings and as warners, and revealed therewith the Scripture with the truth that it might judge between mankind concerning that wherein they differed 2:213. This verse emphasizes that the purpose of sending prophets was to provide guidance and clarify disputes among people.

Furthermore, Allah's wisdom in sending prophets in the language of their people is highlighted in Surah Ibrahim: And We never sent a messenger save with the language of his folk, that he might make (the message) clear for them 14:4. This means that each prophet was sent to his own people to ensure that the message was effectively communicated and understood.

The context of the time when the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was sent is also significant. He was chosen as the final messenger to convey the message of Islam to all humanity, as indicated in the hadith: "Every Prophet used to be sent to his nation only, but I have been sent to all mankind" (Tafsir Ibn Kathir). This universality of his message is reflected in the Qur'an: Say: 'O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah...' 7:158.

Therefore, while God sent many prophets to various nations, the final Prophet was sent to all of humanity, emphasizing the universal nature of Islam and its teachings.